Critique of The Raising of the Cross Essay - 860 Words

The Raising of the Cross is one in a series of paintings based on the crucifixion of Christ by Peter Paul Rubens. This piece was painted between 1609 and 1610 with oil on canvas in life size with the centerpiece of the triptych measuring 15’2† by 11’2†. It is now displayed in the Cathedral of Our Lady in Antwerp, Belgium (Dunton, 164). Peter Paul Rubens was a Flemish artist that painted in Baroque style, his paintings were mostly of religious and mythical origin and his skill in such has been highly regarded in his lifetime and since. (www.peterpaulrubens.com) Born June 28, 1577, Rubens development as a painter, apparently, started early. After his father’s death and his family moving to Antwerp he decided he wished to be a painter†¦show more content†¦In the center panel of The Raising of the Cross, there are many men struggling to lift Christ on the cross. I think the implied significance of this is the biblical reference to the weig ht of the sins of the world being on Christ and his death being the ultimate sacrifice. Ruben seems to portray this by showing how heavy a weight that is by the men struggling to lift Christ. The angling of the cross and the styling of the painting is very similar to Ruben’s artistic inspirations, such as Caravaggio (Getlein 425). Besides the cross, there seems to be a clearly implied line pointing to the sign above Jesus’ head where it states that he is â€Å"Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews† in multiple languages (Bible, Gospel of John 19:19-20). There appears to be, what looks like, a skull in the wall behind the cross, this would likely be the skull of Goliath, since the hill is Golgotha (the Place of the Skull) (Bible, Mark 15:22). Jesus is clearly more brightly lit than the rest of the painting giving him emphasis in the image and the rocks behind the group being subordinate to them. 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Whispered Personal Essay Samples for College Secrets

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Strategic Dimensions as Internal Marketing

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Dimensions as Internal Marketing. Answer: Introduction Strategic dimension can be defined as the strategic aspect of an organization, which includes organizational composition, management and values (Krzakiewicz Cyfert, 2014). The organizational chosen for this study is Bulla dairy. It is a major Australian dairy firm, which manufactures dairy products nationally and also exports the products to international market. The study will assess the strategic dimension of the organization through its generic strategies, organizational culture and organizational structure. The study will describe the generic strategies of the organization through cost leadership, differentiation and focus strategy. The study will also describe the organizational culture and structure of Bulla Dairy. Moreover, at the end of the study, it will demonstrate the consistency of each dimension towards the success of the organization. Company Background Bulla Dairy Foods is the major Australian dairy company, which manufactures dairy product in national basis. However, the organization exports its ranges of dairy product to various international markets. The organization exports frozen and chilled dairy products to various leading markets of Middle Eastern and Asian (Bulla.com.au, 2017). It is highly popular for manufacturing and exporting range of dairy products such as table cream, ice cream, sour cream, cheese, yogurt, imitation cream and cottage under different brands. Thomas Sloan established the organization in 1910 and it subsequently became the partnership among three inter-related families (Bulla.com.au, 2017). Moreover, these inter-related families still own and operate the business of the organization. The organization offers family taste in all of its dairy products through thickening the milk. The organization exports to over 20 countries and has annual retail sales of more than $ 300 million (Moir McCarthy, 2014). As per the survey of 2014, 20% Australians buy the dairy products of Bulla Dairy from the grocery shop of Australia (Referred to Appendix 1). Moreover, most of the customers between the age of 14-24 majorly buy the ice cream product of Bulla Dairy (Referred to Appendix 2). Generic Business Strategy The primary determinant of an organizations profitability is the attractiveness of the industry within which it operates. On the other hand, the secondary determinant of an organizations profitability is its position within the industry (Rad, Lewis, 2014). Michel Porter has invented this theory of generic strategy for identifying an organizations position through leveraging its strength. This theory also suggests the way in which an organization can pursue competitive advantage within the industry. There are three dimension with which an organization can pursue competitive advantage within the industry namely cost leadership, differentiation and focus. The generic strategy of Bulla Dairy has been described in the following for demonstrating its competitive advantage. Cost Leadership Strategy An organization can sell its products either at average industry price for gaining increasing profit or below the average industry price for gaining increasing market share. However, this generic strategy suggests for low cost producer within the industry against a minimum given quality. In this extent, Bulla Dairy sells its dairy product below the average industry price towards capturing high market share (Purves et al., 2015). The organization offers their products at highly affordable price towards making them affordable for all types of customers. Through this strategy, the organization can maintain some profitability in the price war of highly competitive market (Elgin-Stuczynski Batterbury, 2014). The cost leadership strategy of the organization target broad markets of Australia and increasing market share in those markets. The organization has acquired cost advantage through improved process efficiencies and gaining unique access to the raw materials. The organization get wid e access to the fresh milk produced in the Colac, which is a provincial town located at Western District of Victoria (Thorley, 2014). Therefore, the organization can produce their dairy products at cheaper cost and sells it to the customers at affordable price. Differentiation Strategy Differentiation strategy suggests for development of products and services, which offers unique attributes. Customers perceive such products having high value and different from other similar products of other organizations. The value added by the organizations in their products allows them to charge premium price for the products (Santhanam-Martin Nettle, 2014). Bulla Dairy has wide range of dairy product serving to wide variety of customers. Moreover, the customers can have traditional taste in all the dairy products of this organization. Bulla Dairy also offers varieties of flavors in all their ice creams, which attract the kids group (Scarsbrook Melland, 2015). Furthermore, the low fat dairy products of the organization have also become high popular among the customers. Such low fat and healthy lifestyle products of this organization are frozen yoghurt and cottage cheese. Therefore, this healthy and low fat dairy products having unique taste have allowed the organization to be competitive in the market. The focus strategy focuses on narrow segment and within that segment endeavor to attain either cost leadership or differentiation. The premise of this strategy is that an organization can better serve the customers by focusing completely on it. The organization has mostly targeted household group for offering milk products. The traditional taste of the dairy foods attracts most of the people having traditional preferences (Schuck et al., 2016). Moreover, the organization has also targeted health conscious people having healthy dairy foods. However, the organization is limited to operate only within the Australia. The organization does not have international expansion and they only export their dairy products in international countries (Caiazza et al., 2016). In this way, Bulla Dairy has become able to gain high level of customer loyalty. This entrenched loyalty of the organization has discouraged other competitors in competing with this organization directly. Moreover, the organizati on has targeted all income groups from low to high towards meeting the daily needs of the customers. Organizational Culture The culture of Bulla Dairy of highly based on the ideals that self-motivated people work hard rather than having boss micromanaging every step of the employees. The unique structure of the organization allows it to grow and respond more quickly than its other competitors. Bulla Dairy initially grew fast, as decisions were made at the lowest possible level. The corporate culture of the organization is based on open structure, where low level employees can easily approach to top level managers regarding any organizational issues (Hogan Coote, 2014). Therefore, any organizational issue is resolved at the initial stage. The organizational leaders are extremely supportive to the employees for helping them in doing any complex job. However, some leaders in manufacturing department and designing department are non-cooperative with the employees opinions (OReilly et al., 2014). Excellence is emphasized as the critical success factor for the organization especially for production of dairy fo ods. The culture of the organization involves strict policy of hiring best employees for the organization. The employees are hired for their knowledge, creativity and skills (Bschgens et al., 2013). The organizational culture of Bulla Dairy highlights creativity in the development of dairy products. This culture helps the organization to develop business process as per the business needs as well as organizational needs. Furthermore, innovation is at the core of organizational culture of Bulla Dairy. All the employees are encouraged and trained enough for demonstrating their innovation in their individual performance areas. They are also allowed to share their innovative ideas in the business development process of the organization. On the other hand, the organizational culture of Bulla Dairy highlights moderate combativeness with the workplace. This shows the combative approach of the leaders. In this approach, leaders of the organization constantly challenge the skills and abilities of t he employees towards meeting the organizational standards (Tong et al., 2015). This is positive in the sense that it fosters employee innovation. On the hand, it is negative in the sense that it can discourage some employees, who are slow in demonstrating their innovation. Moreover, the organizational culture of Bulla dairy protects business from unenthusiastic influence of employee poaching and corporate espionage. This level of organizational culture actually reveals the organizational characteristics, which can be easily viewed, felt and heard by the employees collectively. The employees of Bulla Dairy are highly dedicated in their job role and their level of dedication is apparently reflected on their job performance. Moreover, the dedication level of the employees allows the organization to fulfill their innovative mission effectively. The employees of Bulla Dairy are to wear formal dress in their organization and they are extremely polite in communicating with their superiors (Martinez et al., 2015). Moreover, the management of the organization allows the employees to participate in organizational decision making process. Therefore, the employees are highly responsible towards fulfilling their targets and meeting organizational standards. The managers of Bulla Dairy are extremely cooperative with the employees in performing any complex job. The concerns of the employees are always taken into consideration while framing any organizational policies and procedures. Moreover, the innovative ideas of the employees are highly appreciated by the upper level managers. On the other hand, the employees of the organization always respect their managers and obey their instruction for the betterment of business development (Hogan Coote, 2014). The standard and values of the organization are always aligned with the individual needs of the customers. All the male employees and female employees are given equal rights in the workplace. Moreover, female employees are given extra privileges as per their requirements. Organizational Structure From the above figure, it can be found that Bulla Dairy uses functional organizational structure for operating their business. In this structure, the organization has different functional departments operating individually for the success for the business. The reporting relationships of the organization are grouped based on specialty of each department. The organization is divided into separate groups on the basis of their specialized functional areas such as production department, technical department, human resource department, finance centre and customer service department (Joseph et al., 2016). This organizational structure allowed Bulla Dairy to get enhanced functional efficiencies, as the employees having shared knowledge and skills are group together in each department. In this structure, board decides the strategies for long term business operation and inspects the interim report for the organization towards maintain those strategies. Moreover, they are the heads of the organization and control the business from long term perspectives. On the other hand, the director control each individual department of the organization namely production department to finance centre and human resource department (Erhemjamts et al., 2013). Most of the decisions of Bulla dairy are taken on the top of the hierarchy. The director is responsible to communicate the decisions of the board to each of the departmental heads. However, the consistency of the communication sometimes hampered due to scattered departments within the organization. The director is responsible for maintaining the consistency of the communication within each department for effective implementation of organizational strategies. The head of production department is responsible for controlling the activities of the employees from production, QA manager, maintenance employees, purchasing and logistics. The quality manager is responsible for maintaining the health standard in each of the dairy products. On the other hand, the head of production department also control the logistics functions. The employees of logistic department are responsible for distributing fresh milk to the inventory and the finished dairy products to the customers end. Moreover, the technical department head is responsible for controlling the activities of product design and research and development team. Furthermore, the head of human resource department is responsible for controlling the hiring and maintenance activities of human capital. Bulla dairy is highly concerned about recruiting extremely knowledgeable people and maintaining them through proper training and development Joseph et al., 2016). Recommendation Through Bulla dairy is extremely popular in Australia for its high quality dairy foods, still the organization is only limited within Australia. The organization does not operate on international basis. It only exports its products to international market. Limited expansion is ultimately reducing the potentiality of the organization for earning increasing profit. Therefore, the organization should take initiatives for expanding in international market for increasing organizational profit. Effective Leadership The leaders of Bulla Dairy are supportive enough for assisting the employees in performing complex jobs. However, some leaders in production department are not that much supportive to the employees for aligning their skills to organizational success. These leaders are inclined to demonstrate aggression to the employees, which sometimes demoralize the employees. Therefore, these leaders should be high supportive to the employees and assists them to enhance their skills. Improved Business Communication In case of functional organizational structure, the communication among each department sometime gets hampered. It can reduce the capability of the organization towards achieving organizational goals. Therefore, the organization should enhance the consistency of the organizational communication. Conclusion While concluding the study, it can be said that Bulla Dairy is extremely popular dairy firm in Australia for its unique taste dairy foods. The success of the organization is tightly integrated with its business strategies, organizational structure and organizational structure. Innovation is at the core of the organization culture in Bulla Dairy. The organization is extremely concerned about providing unique value to the customers. Therefore, the organization is capable of taking the differentiation generic strategy for being competitive in the market. Moreover, the employees are allowed to contribute their innovative ideas for the success of the organization. It allows the organization to focus on new aspect of business through targeting new types of customers. Moreover, there is concrete relationship between the organizational culture and generic strategies of Bulla Dairy. Organizational structure defines the way of allocating and dividing the task among each of the department of the organization. Moreover, it defines the flow of communication within the organization. Therefore, the nature of organizational culture is highly dependent of the structure of the organization. In case of Bulla Dairy, the board decides the long-term business strategies of the organization. However, the director is responsible for communicating the strategies among each departmental head. Moreover, the directors allow enough authority to the departmental heads for managing their individual department. Therefore, this organizational structure has created open organizational culture, where board does not micromanage each activities of each department. Organizational strategies set out the roadmap for the organization for meeting organizational goals. On the other hand, organizational structure defines the way in which organizational resources are distributes among each department for achieving organizational goals. Therefore, the structure and strategy of the organization must be woven together for better sustainability in the market. The organizational structure is functional in nature, where the organizational departments are grouped together based on their specialized areas. Therefore, these specialized departments can better contribute their innovative ideas for bringing differentiation in the organization. References Bulla.com.au. (2017).Bulla.com.au. Retrieved 2 February 2017, from https://www.bulla.com.au/#/ Bschgens, T., Bausch, A., Balkin, D. B. (2013). Organizational Culture and Innovation: A Meta?Analytic Review.Journal of product innovation management,30(4), 763-781. Caiazza, R., Volpe, T., Stanton, J. L. (2016). Innovation in Agro-Foods: A Comparative Analysis of Value Chains.Journal of International Food Agribusiness Marketing,28(3), 240-253. Erhemjamts, O., Li, Q., Venkateswaran, A. (2013). Corporate social responsibility and its impact on firms investment policy, organizational structure, and performance.Journal of Business Ethics,118(2), 395-412. Hogan, S. J., Coote, L. V. (2014). Organizational culture, innovation, and performance: A test of Schein's model.Journal of Business Research,67(8), 1609-1621. Joseph, J., Klingebiel, R., Wilson, A. J. (2016). Organizational Structure and Performance Feedback: Centralization, Aspirations, and Termination Decisions.Organization Science,27(5), 1065-1083. 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On the relationship between financial and non-financial factors: A case study analysis of financial failure predictors of agribusiness firms in Australia.Agricultural Finance Review,75(2), 282-300. Elgin-Stuczynski, I., Batterbury, S. (2014). Perceptions of climate variability and dairy farmer adaptations in Corangamite Shire, Victoria, Australia.International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management,6(1), 85-107. Rad, S. J., Lewis, M. J. (2014). Water utilisation, energy utilisation and waste water management in the dairy industry: a review.International Journal of Dairy Technology,67(1), 1-20. Santhanam-Martin, M. I. C. H. A. E. L., Nettle, R. U. T. H. (2014). Governing Australias dairy farm workforce: a new terrain for negotiating rural community sustainability.Int J Sociol Agric Food,21(1), 31-50. Scarsbrook, M. R., Melland, A. R. (2015). Dairying and water-quality issues in Australia and New Zealand.Animal Production Science,55(7), 856-868. Schuck, P., Jeantet, R., Bhandari, B., Chen, X. D., Perrone, . T., de Carvalho, A. F., ... Kelly, P. (2016). Recent advances in spray drying relevant to the dairy industry: A comprehensive critical review.Drying Technology,34(15), 1773-1790. Thorley, V. (2014). There is absolutely NO SUBSTITUTE for fresh milk: dairy marketing in Australia, twentieth century.International Journal of Liberal Arts and Social Science,2(2), 1-14. Tong, C., Tak, W. I. W., Wong, A. (2015). The Impact of knowledge sharing on the relationship between organizational culture and Job satisfaction: The perception of information communication and technology (ICT) practitioners in Hong Kong.International Journal of Human Resource Studies,5(1), 19. Wiewiora, A., Trigunarsyah, B., Murphy, G., Coffey, V. (2013). Organizational culture and willingness to share knowledge: A competing values perspective in Australian context.International Journal of Project Management,31(8), 1163-1174.

Lucretia Rudolph Garfield Essay Research Paper Lucretia free essay sample

Lucretia Rudolph Garfield Essay, Research Paper Lucretia Rudolph Garfield 1832-1918 In the affectionate eyes of her hubby, President James A. Garfield, Lucretia grows up to every new exigency with all right tact and immaculate gustatory sensation. She proved this in the eyes of the state, though she was ever a reserved, self-contained adult female. She categorically refused to present for a run exposure, and much preferred a literary circle or informal party to a province response. Her love of larning she acquired from her male parent, Zeb Rudolph, a taking citizen of Hiram, Ohio, and devout member of the Disciples of Christ. She foremost met Jim Garfield when both attended a nearby school, and they renewed their friendly relationship in 1851 as pupils at the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute, founded by the Disciples. But Crete did non pull his particular attending until December 1853, when he began a instead cautious wooing, and they did non get married until November 1858, when he was good launched on his calling as a instructor. We will write a custom essay sample on Lucretia Rudolph Garfield Essay Research Paper Lucretia or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page His service in the Union Army from 1861 to 1863 kept them apart ; their first kid, a girl, died in 1863. But after his foremost lonely winter in Washington as a fresher Representative, the household remained together. With a place in the capital every bit good as one in Ohio they enjoyed a happy domestic life. A two-year-old boy died in 1876, but five kids grew up healthy and promising ; with the transition of clip, Lucretia became more and more her hubby # 8217 ; s comrade. In Washington they shared rational involvements with congenial friends ; she went with him to meetings of a locally celebrate vitamin D literary society. They read together, made societal calls together, dined with each other and traveled in company until by 1880 they were as about inseparable as his calling permitted. Garfield # 8217 ; s election to the Presidency brought a cheerful household to the White House in 1881. Though Mrs. Garfield was non peculiarly interested in a First Lady # 8217 ; s societal responsibilities, she was profoundly painstaking and her echt cordial reception made her dinners and twice-weekly responses gratifying. At the age of 49 she was still a slender, graceful small adult female with clear dark eyes, her brown hair get downing to demo hints of Ag. In May she fell soberly sick, seemingly from malaria and nervous exhaustion, to her hubby # 8217 ; s profound hurt. When you are sick, he had written her seven old ages before, I am like the dwellers of states visited by temblors. She was still a convalescent, at a seaboard resort in New Jersey, when he was shot by a brainsick bravo on July 2. She returned to Washington by particular train # 8211 ; frail, fatigued, despairing, reported an eyewitness at the White House, but house and quiet and full of intent to salvage. During the three months her hubby fought for his life, her heartache, devotedness, and fortitude won the regard and understanding of the state. In September, after his decease, the bereaved household went place to their farm in Ohio. For another 36 old ages she led a purely private but busy and comfy life, active in continuing the records of her hubby # 8217 ; s calling. She died on March 14, 1918. Whitehouse.gov/wh/glimpse.firstladies/html/firstladies.html